Alsike clover (Trifolium hybridium) is one of about 300 Trifolium species that have been associated with several different disease entities. However, positive identification does not confirm intoxication because the toxicity of the cyanobacteria is strain specific, and morphologic observations alone cannot predict the hazard level. Icterus, photosensitivity dermatitis, ulceration of mucous membranes, hepatic encephalopathy, weight loss. Signs develop 2 to 4 weeks after ingestion. Exposure to the plant can occur for a year or more before signs of hepatic insufficiency develop, but cholestatic liver disease can be detected biochemically before horses become ill. More severely affected horses display neurologic disturbances, either excitement or mania in irregular episodes, or long periods of extreme dullness, anorexia, apparent blindness, forced wandering, head pushing, and yawning. Consumption of pasture or hay containing alsike or red clover, Found mainly in Canada and the northwestern United States. It is, however, a separate species. Table 2.10. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 27 mars 2019 à 07:16. Chapter 13 on pastures for horses gives additional information on hays for feeding horses. History of consumption of alsike or red clover hay or pasture. Protéines digestibles dans l'intestin permises par l'énergie. Les cinq pétales sont blancs à rougeâtres, puis marrons. In the early stages, the proliferation of bile ducts is often greater than the proliferation of the fibrous tissue, but later the proportions are reversed. hybridum), Inventaire de la flore vasculaire du Nord-Pas-de-Calais (Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes) : raretés, protections, menaces et statuts (2016) (listé Trifolium hybridum L.), Inventaire de la flore vasculaire du Nord-Pas-de-Calais (Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes) : raretés, protections, menaces et statuts (2016) (listé Trifolium hybridum L. subsp. Several toxins have been suspected, but none have been definitively proven. T. hybridum was named by Linnaeus in 1753 and was originally thought to be a hybrid of T. pratense (red clover) and T. repens (white clover). Citation: Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle [Ed]. However, the biliary proliferation and fibrosis is similar to that observed in areas of the liver that are drained by chronically obstructed bile ducts, so it seems likely some of the later changes are secondary to cholestasis. In addition to alfalfa, there are other legume hays used for horses. 2011 (listé Trifolium hybridum L.), Liste rouge de la flore vasculaire de France métropolitaine (2019) (listé Trifolium hybridum L.), La Liste rouge de la Flore vasculaire menacée en Alsace (2014) (listé Trifolium hybridum L., 1753), Liste rouge de la flore vasculaire d'Aquitaine (2018) (listé Trifolium hybridum L., 1753), Liste rouge de la flore vasculaire de la région Auvergne (2013) (listé Trifolium hybridum L.), Liste rouge de la flore de Bourgogne (2015) (listé Trifolium hybridum var. Thomas J. Some of these diseases have been reproduced experimentally, and several toxins have been identified. Native: indigenous. Il est adapté aux sols compactés, humides et asphyxiants et s’accommode de terres peu profondes. [2], Générale au Québec et dans les Maritimes. Classification. The toxic principle has not been identified; it may be a plant toxin or more likely a mycotoxin growing on the clover. elegans (Savi) Boiss. Le trèfle hybride est une plante vivace cultivée. TRHYP8: Trifolium hybridum L. var. pratense Rabenh. elegans (Savi) Aschers. Sa valeur alimentaire est bonne[8]. It is not tolerant of drought or high temperatures. hybridum), Liste rouge régionale de la flore vasculaire d'Ile de France (2014) (listé Trifolium hybridum L.), Liste rouge de la flore vasculaire du Limousin (2013) (listé Trifolium hybridum L.), Liste rouge régionale de la flore vasculaire de Lorraine (2015) (listé Trifolium hybridum var. Alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) is an annual or biennial clover best adapted to moist or poorly drained soils. Other causes of acute liver failure: iron, microcystins, aflatoxins, cocklebur, alsike clover, Theiler's disease, and Tyzzer's disease. Robert H. Poppenga, Birgit Puschner, in Equine Emergencies (Fourth Edition), 2014. Tour de France de la biodiversité en vidéos, Liste rouge européenne de l'UICN
Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties … et Graebn. Originating in mainland Europe, it has become establish… elegans (Savi) Asch. Exposure periods of weeks to months are generally required before horses develop hepatotoxicity. Raretés, protections, menaces et statuts (2012) (listé Trifolium hybridum L. subsp. hybridum L., 1753), Liste rouge des plantes vasculaires de la région Centre (2013) (listé Trifolium hybridum var. The genus Trifolium comprises over 248 leguminous species. Les gousses sont des cosses indéhiscente incluses dans le calice. In many cases both a grass hay and a legume hay are fed together to horses as a means of balancing the protein level provided by both. C'est une espèce prairiale annuelle ou bisannuelle fréquemment utilisée comme fourrage. MS : 123; MAT : 195; UFL : 0,89; UFV : 0,84; PDIN[9] : 122; PDIE[10] : 97. In live symptomatic animals, urine is likely to be of superior diagnostic use to serum. Detection of microcystins and anatoxin-a in water and gastric contents is provided by select veterinary toxicology laboratories. In Horse Feeding and Nutrition (Second Edition), 1991.